IPO and FPO are two ways through which large companies raise finances using the equity market. When a company issues its shares for the first time in the stock market, it is called an Initial Public Offering or IPO. On the other hand, if a listed company issues shares for the subsequent time, it is referred to as a Follow-on Public Offering or FPO.
Published on 14 July 2022
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If you’re looking to invest in the stock market, it is crucial to have a basic understanding of these two concepts. This article will tell you in detail about an IPO and FPO.
We will also tell you about the basic differences between an IPO vs FPO. Let’s get started.
What is an IPO?
As mentioned, IPO stands for Initial Public Offering. When a company issues its shares for the first time for public investors, it is known as an IPO. An IPO helps the company to get listed on the stock exchanges and become a publicly-traded firm from a privately owned company.
What is an FPO?
FPO stands for Follow-on Public Offering. When a company already listed on the stock exchanges issues a subsequent lot of shares for investors, it is known as an FPO. An FPO helps a company to diversify its equity base.
There are two types of FPOs – dilutive FPOs and non-dilutive FPOs.
Difference Between IPO vs FPO
Now that we have learned the definitions of IPO and FPO, let’s know the differences between an IPO vs FPO based on various parameters:
Particulars
IPO
FPO
Basic definition
An IPO refers to the first public issue of shares of a company that is going public.
An FPO is the subsequent issue of shares of a company already listed on the stock exchanges.
Issuing company
IPOs are issued by private companies looking to go public.
FPOs are issued by companies already listed on the stock exchanges.
Objective
The primary objective of an IPO is to raise fresh capital from public investors. After an IPO, the company continues to grow and may feel the need for more funds for its expansion.
The objective of an FPO is to dilute the company’s ownership further and allow the inflow of subsequent public investment.
Performance
An IPO is riskier than FPO. No past performance record of a company is available for the investors. They usually go by the financials of the company and make assumptions about its growth prospects before investing in an IPO.
In the case of an FPO, investors are aware of the company’s past performance on the stock market as it is already listed on the stock exchanges. Investors can study the track record of the issuer company’s stocks and decide whether to invest in its FPO or not.
Profitability
IPOs are riskier than FPOs; they have the potential to provide more profits to investors. It’s because IPOs of companies with favourable growth outlooks experience good price appreciation after their listing. Many investors invest in IPOs only to get listing gains.
FPOs take more time to grow as compared to IPOs. However, this theory doesn’t hold for all IPOs and FPOs. Hence, as an investor, you should consider various factors before investing in either of the public offerings.
Conclusion
The basic difference between an IPO vs FPO is that an IPO refers to the first or initial sale of a company’s shares to the general public, whereas an FPO is the sale of additional or subsequent shares by an already listed company.
While there is no guarantee of how an IPO would perform in the future, the issuing company’s financial track record and growth prospects can give you a fair idea of whether you should invest in its IPO or not. On the other hand, you will have a lot more information to analyse the performance of an FPO and make a well-informed decision.
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Tips for Investing in IPO: IPO Investment Strategy
IPO or an Initial Public Offer is when a company sells its stocks to the public for the first time. These stocks can be bought by retail and individual investors and high net worth individuals. The cost of an IPO usually depends on the value of the company and its core business’s principles.
If you want to make high and quick returns on your investment, equities are your best bet. Mutual funds and shares are the two prudent instruments that allow you to invest in the equity market. However, do you know how these mutual funds and shares are made available for public investors?
According to section 2 of the Companies Act, 2013, the definition of a prospectus is “any document that is described or issued as a prospectus.” It is an advertisement, circular, notice, or document informing the public that the corporate body’s securities are up for sale.
Tips for Investing in IPO: IPO Investment Strategy
IPO or an Initial Public Offer is when a company sells its stocks to the public for the first time. These stocks can be bought by retail and individual investors and high net worth individuals. The cost of an IPO usually depends on the value of the company and its core business’s principles.
If you want to make high and quick returns on your investment, equities are your best bet. Mutual funds and shares are the two prudent instruments that allow you to invest in the equity market. However, do you know how these mutual funds and shares are made available for public investors?
According to section 2 of the Companies Act, 2013, the definition of a prospectus is “any document that is described or issued as a prospectus.” It is an advertisement, circular, notice, or document informing the public that the corporate body’s securities are up for sale.
Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited (TM) operates the web site accessible from the URL www.myespresso.com (the “web site”').
Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited is committed to protecting your privacy and utilising technology that gives you the most powerful, safe, online experience that you can get anywhere else.
Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited does, however, gather certain information that is provided by you to the Web Site. Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited believes that by collecting this information Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited is able to provide you with a personalised web experience, and to assist its own sales team and advertisers in efficiently reaching an appropriate audience.Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited does, however, gather certain information that is provided by you to the Web Site. Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited believes that by collecting this information Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited is able to provide you with a personalised web experience, and to assist its own sales team and advertisers in efficiently reaching an appropriate audience.
Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited requests the minimum information it believes necessary to achieve this goal.
The following discloses Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited's information gathering and dissemination practices for the Web Site:
System Data:
Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited uses your IP address to help diagnose problems with our server and to administer the web site. Your IP address is used to identify you and your shopping cart and to gather broad demographic information.
Registration Data:
The Web Site's registration form may require users to give us contact information (like their name, phone number and e-mail address), unique identifiers (like their PAN Number) and demographic information (like their pin code, age or income level). The Web Site uses customer contact information from the registration form to send the users information about Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited and promotional material from some of Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited's partners. The customer's contact information is also used to contact the visitor when necessary. Unique identifiers (such as PAN numbers) are collected to verify the user's identity. Demographic and profile data is also collected at the Web Site. We use this data to tailor the visitor's experience at the Web Site, showing them contents that we think they might be interested in, and displaying the contents according to their preferences. This information is shared with advertisers on an aggregate basis.
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This site contains links to other Web Sites which are not necessarily been screened or reviewed by www.myespresso.com. Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited is neither responsible for the privacy practices or the contents of such Web Sites nor shall be held answerable for the inaccurate, inappropriate or offensive data, material, information, products and services that may be viewed on those sites.
Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited may operate a number of co-branded sites. Policies regarding information collection and sharing may differ on some of these co-branded sites. If you have any particular questions, you should check the privacy statement that appears on each co-branded site.
Order Forms:
The Web Site uses an order form for customers to request information, products and services. The Web Site collects visitors' contact information (like their mobile number or e-mail address), unique identifiers (like their PAN number) financial information (like their account or credit card numbers) and demographic information (like their pin code, age or income level). Contact information from the order form is used to send orders, information about Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited, and promotional material from some of Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited's partners to the visitors of the Web Site. The visitor's contact information is also used to get in touch with the visitor when necessary. Financial information that is collected is used to check the users' qualifications and bill the user for products and services. Unique identifiers (such as PAN numbers) are collected from Web Site visitors to verify the user's identity.
Surveys and Contests:
The Web Site's online surveys ask visitors for contact information (like their mobile number or e-mail address) and demographic information (like their pin code, gender, age or income level). The Web Site uses contact data from its surveys to send the user information about Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited and promotional material from some of Sharekhan Ltd.'s partners. The customer's contact information is also used to contact the visitor when necessary. Users may opt-out of receiving future mailings; see the choice/opt-out section below. Demographic and profile data is also collected at the Web Site. The Web Site use this data to tailor its visitor's experience at the Web Site, showing them content that it thinks they might be interested in, and displaying the content according to their preferences. This information is shared with advertisers on an aggregate basis.
Sharekhan Comtrade Private Ltd run contests on the Web Site in which we ask visitors for contact information (like their e-mail address). Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited uses contact data from its contests to send users information about Sharekhan Comtrade Private Ltd. and promotional material from some of our partners. The customer's contact information is also used to contact the visitor when necessary. Users may opt-out of receiving future mailings; see the choice/opt-out section below.
Third-Party Advertisement Servers:
Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited engages the services of an outside advertisement company to display advertisement on the Web Site. These advertisements may contain cookies. While Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited uses cookies in other parts of the Web Site, cookies received with banner advertisements are collected by the Advertisement company, and Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited does not have access to this information.
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The privacy and protection of your data and information provided to us is of vital importance. Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited shall ensure to safeguard the security and confidentiality of any information you share with us. Any personally identifiable information of the customers obtained by us shall not be used or shared other than for the purposes to which the customers consents. However security and confidentiality of information cannot be guaranteed cent percent. Hence despite our utmost efforts to protect your personal information, Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited and www.myespresso.com cannot warrant the security of any information you transmit to us through our online services. Such transmission of your personal information is done at your own risk.
Disclosure of Customer Information :
Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited and www.myespresso.com shall not deliberately disclose customer's personally identifiable information to any unauthorized third person, save and except where such information shall be disclosed in good faith and for the purpose of law for the time being in force or to protect the rights and property of Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited and www.myespresso.com.
Public Forums :
The Web Sites makes chat rooms, forums, message boards and/or news groups available to its users. Please remember that any information that is disclosed in these areas becomes public information and you should exercise caution when deciding to disclose your personal information.
Supplemental Information :
The Web Site supplements the information that you provide with information that is received from third parties.
The Web Site DOES NOT entice by the prospect of a special game, prize or other activity, to divulge more information than is needed to participate in the activity.
Further to the above, in light of the recently notified Information Technology (Reasonable security practices and procedures and sensitive personal data or information) Rules, 2011. (Hereinafter referred to as the Rules)
The following shall be deemed to be sensitive information :
Password;
Financial information such as Bank account or credit card or debit card or other payment instrument details;
Physical, physiological and mental health condition;
Sexual orientation;
Medical records and history;
Biometric information;
Any detail relating to the above clauses as provided to body corporate for providing service; and
Any of the information received under above clauses by body corporate for processing, stored or processed under lawful contract or otherwise:
provided that, any information that is freely available or accessible in public domain or furnished under the Right to Information Act, 2005 or any other law for the time being in force shall not be regarded as sensitive personal data or information for the purposes of Rules.
Collection of Information:
Compliance with KYC guidelines as per SEBI / Exchanges / Or any other Act, law or regulation requiring the same and any internal KYC guidelines formulated by Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited.
In order to provide enhanced trading experience to the client.
In order to provide any further information to be provided to regulators.
Such information may be collected in a manner that the client is always aware of the collection and purported usage of the same. The client shall have an option to withdraw consent to share the information. However such intimation shall be required in writing. Such intimation shall only be taken into account from the date on which the same is received. Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited may choose to stop services to such a client in case such intimation is received. Such information shall only be used for the purpose it is collected.
Clients would be allowed an option not to disclose any information to be collected, provided the same is in compliance with regulatory requirements.
Disclosure of information:
Disclosure of sensitive information would be as per the terms agreed by the clients. For any change in such terms, the clients would be informed.
Provided no consent may be required in case the same is being shared as per compliance guidelines or as required by regulators.
Any information being disclosed to third parties would be in accordance with the Rules and would be done provided such third party has the same level of compliance guidelines as Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited.
Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited shall allow clients to review their personal information and the same shall be allowed to be edited provided exchange guidelines relevant to the same are followed.
Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited shall maintain reasonable security practices and procedures and maintain a comprehensive documented information security programme. In the event of an information security breach, Sharekhan Comtrade Private Limited or a person on its behalf shall be required to demonstrate as and when called upon to do so by the agency mandated under the law, that there have implemented security control measures as per their documented information security programme and information security policies and information security policies that contain managerial, technical, operational and physical security control measures that are commensurate with the information assets being protected with the nature of business.
KYC Languages
Download Client Registration Documents (Rights & Obligations, Risk Disclosure Document, Do's & Don't's) in Vernacular Language :
Note: "This document is a translated version of the client registration documents in English and is being provided in vernacular language to facilitate better understanding by the investors. In case of any ambiguity, the contents of the English version would prevail."
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